Human XCL1(1-93) (lymphotactin; SCM-1) is a C chemokine with a mature secreted polypeptide of 93 amino acids and a molecular weight of approximately 10.1 kDa. Unlike CXC or CC chemokines, its structure lacks two of the four conserved cysteine residues, resulting in a single disulfide bond and a less stable chemokine fold that interconverts with an unrelated all-beta sheet dimeric structure. XCL1 is secreted by activated CD8+ T and NK cells and binds to the XCR1 receptor, primarily attracting cross-presenting dendritic cells (cDC1s), to orchestrate adaptive immune responses, especially in antiviral and antitumor immunity.
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