Human CXCL5 (Epithelial-derived Neutrophil-activating Peptide 78, ENA-78), is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family. It is primarily produced by epithelial cells, macrophages, and other cell types in response to inflammatory signals. CXCL5 plays a key role in immune responses by attracting and activating neutrophils to sites of inflammation or injury. It binds to the CXCR2 receptor, promoting neutrophil chemotaxis and contributing to processes like wound healing, infection response, and tissue repair. It also binds with high affinity to the scavenger receptor ACKR1. CXCL5 has been implicated as peripheral mediator of UVB-induced pain. Dysregulation of CXCL5 is associated with inflammatory diseases, such as arthritis, and certain cancers, where it may support tumor progression by enhancing angiogenesis and immune cell recruitment.
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