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Human XCL1 l is a unique metamorphic chemokine that interconverts between two distinct conformations under physiological conditions. In one conformation, XCL1 exists as a monomer and is able to bind to and activate its receptor XCR1. In the other conformation, XCL1 exists as a dimer and loses affinity for XCR1. XCL1 is an inflammatory chemokine that is produced by activated CD8+ T cells and natural killer cells. It is involved in the mediation of interactions between antigen-presenting dendritic cells and T-cells, and induction of CD8+ effector T-cell responses.
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