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Recombinant human CXCL12 beta is secreted from cells after cleavage of the signal peptide to yield a 72 residue polypeptide. Human 12 is also known as SDF-1 beta (stromal cell-derived factor-1 beta). CXCL12 beta is a ligand for the G protein coupled receptor CXCR4, and induces chemotactic migration in a wide range of CXCR4-expressing cells. CXCL12 is strongly chemotactic for lymphocytes. During embryogenesis it directs the migration of hematopoietic cells from foetal liver to bone marrow and the formation of large blood vessels. In adulthood, CXCL12 plays an important role in angiogenesis by recruiting endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) from the bone marrow.
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